Soul Liberty: The Evolution of Black Religious Politics in Postemancipation Virginia

GRAPH 3.1 Roles of Gilfield members in church records. Of the 131 members whose names were found in the census, 43 (33 percent) were just members listed in Henry Williams Record Book; the remainder (88 or 67 percent) were involved in discipline cases in some capacity. Source: Gilfield Baptist Church Record Book, 1868–71.

GRAPH 3.2 Occupations of select Gilfield members. Of the sixty-eight individuals whose occupations could be identified, about two-thirds were unskilled laborers, and many (twelve) worked in the tobacco factory. Sources: Gilfield Record Book, Henry Williams Record Book, and 1860, 1870, and 1880 U.S. Census.

GRAPH 3.3 Gilfield restorations, 1861–1862. As this graphic makes clear, men had an easy walk toward restoration, but women did not. Source: Gilfield Baptist Church Record Book, 1868–1871.

FIGURE 5.1 Professor John Mercer Langston, Howard University. Langston’s wealth and social status allowed him to secure political support from black voters in Virginia’s Fourth Congressional District. Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-cwpbh-00690.

FIGURE 5.2 “Virginia—the Readjuster State Convention at Richmond—Mr. Massey Moving to Make Unanimous Nomination of Col. Wm. E. Cameron for Governor June 3d—From Sketch by Walter Golfer—See Page 287.” Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 25 June 1881. The illustrator depicted the attendees as better dressed and of higher status than the newspaper accounts indicated. Courtesy of the Library of Virginia.

FIGURE 5.3 James M. Gregory. Professor Gregory was a noted leader among black people. He was featured in the compendium Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive Rising by William J. Simmons. Courtesy of the New York Public Library.

MAP 5.1 Comparative map of conventions and Mahone canvass, c. 1883. An interactive version can be found in the Fulcrum edition.

5.2 1877年州长选举结果地图。1877年弗吉尼亚浸信会州大会(白色部分)并没有包括在1877年州长选举中强烈支持共和党的少数几个县。共和党人和“重新调整者”要想让更多的州向他们的目标靠拢，他们的工作很艰巨。这张地图的交互式版本可以在支点版中找到。来源:ICPSR;1824-1968年美国历史选举申报表[计算机文件];弗吉尼亚州浸信会会议纪要(1879年)

MAP 5.3 Map of 1881 gubernatorial election results. An interactive version of this map can be found in the Fulcrum edition. Sources: ICPSR; United States Historical Election Returns, 1824–1968 [computer file]; church data gathered from convention minutes.

MAP 5.4 Map of 1885 gubernatorial election results. By 1885, when the Readjusters lost control of the legislature, most of the VBSC counties remained lukewarm supporters of the Republican-Readjuster ticket. An interactive version of this map can be found in the Fulcrum edition. Sources: ICPSR; United States Historical Election Returns, 1824–1968 [computer file]; Minutes of the Virginia Baptist State Convention, 1885.

MAP 5.3 Map of 1881 gubernatorial election results. An interactive version of this map can be found in the Fulcrum edition. Sources: ICPSR; United States Historical Election Returns, 1824–1968 [computer file]; church data gathered from convention minutes.

5.2 1877年州长选举结果地图。1877年弗吉尼亚浸信会州大会(白色部分)并没有包括在1877年州长选举中强烈支持共和党的少数几个县。共和党人和“重新调整者”要想让更多的州向他们的目标靠拢，他们的工作很艰巨。这张地图的交互式版本可以在支点版中找到。来源:ICPSR;1824-1968年美国历史选举申报表[计算机文件];弗吉尼亚州浸信会会议纪要(1879年)

MAP 5.1 Comparative map of conventions and Mahone canvass, c. 1883. An interactive version can be found in the Fulcrum edition.

MAP 5.4 Map of 1885 gubernatorial election results. By 1885, when the Readjusters lost control of the legislature, most of the VBSC counties remained lukewarm supporters of the Republican-Readjuster ticket. An interactive version of this map can be found in the Fulcrum edition. Sources: ICPSR; United States Historical Election Returns, 1824–1968 [computer file]; Minutes of the Virginia Baptist State Convention, 1885.